Throughout these teams, brand new dowry tend to contained full board supplied toward bridegroom for many years so as that he may keep his talmudic education free of financial care. The newest individualized are called into the Yiddish kest plus the financial agreements of your dowry was basically in depth inside the a file called tena’im (“stipulations”; “conditions”) finalized during the betrothal service; tenoim shraybn hails from the phrase tena’im (select Ket. 102a–b). Jews within the Muslim regions never ever recognized the new individualized regarding nedunyah, however, went on the practice of mohar. The cash that the groom offered into the bride’s dad, not, was used to buy seats and you will knick knacks to your newly hitched partners. From inside the modern Israel, the newest Oriental strategies out of mohar, in addition to individualized out of nedunyah, have a tendency to disappear slowly. As well, during the cases of divorce, when lovers accept the materials factors ahead of a beneficial rabbinic legal, this new court’s view, that is directed by the prices regarding halakhah, try lawfully joining. Societies to possess bringing dowries having worst otherwise orphaned girls had been common (discover *Hakhnasat Kallah ).
During the Jewish Laws
Dowry otherwise nedunyah, appear to about term neden, nedeh (i.e., provide – Ezek. and you will commentaries), form the possessions out-of any sort of kind brought by spouse in order to the husband up on its wedding (Yad, Ishut, 16:step 1 and Maggid Mishneh thereto). In restricted and prominent definition, the definition of is meant to reference men and women assets of your wife and that she out of her own 100 % free will entrusts so you’re able to their own husband’s obligation, the same whereof the newest spouse out of his personal 100 % free often undertakes in the *ketubbah , plus in a sum of money given therein once the nedunyah, to restore in order to their wife on dissolution of its relationships (Maggid Mishneh, Ishut 16:1; Tur, EH 85; Sh. Ar., EH 66: 11a and you will 85:2, Isserles’ gloss; 88:2). Eg house is also known as nikhsei ?on barzel, are distinguished from a different group of brand new wife’s property, called nikhsei melog (select lower than). It’s the practice into partner to take care of from the ketubbah to replace so you’re able to his wife the fresh dowry which have an enthusiastic increment (the new tosefet nedunyah) of 1 third otherwise half of one’s amount given, susceptible to local customized. Each other components of extent are specified together inside an inclusive share and this refers to the latest classic behavior; to that comprehensive contribution try additional the sum total ketubbah, since the fixed because of the halakhah, and its own increments (discover *Ketubbah ), with the intention that a complete contribution try said, but it is troubled that the share ‘s the aggregate off all over-said parts (Sh. Ar., EH , and you will Rema thereto). The fresh said obligation of spouse are handled in identical fashion since the some other pecuniary duty (Maggid Mishneh, Ishut sixteen:1).
NIKHSEI ZON heta Spanska kvinnor BARZEL
(illuminated. “the house or property regarding metal sheep”) are a term derived from title regarding a deal during the which class entrusts possessions into the particular conditions to some other, the latter carrying out duty therefor as he carry out to own metal, we.age., for come back of one’s resource value of the house or property just like the from the the time out-of their acknowledgment thereof, even when it should sustain losings otherwise depreciation; due to the fact, essentially, short cattle is the niche question of eg transactions, it was given birth to described by the significantly more than name (BM 69b and you will Rashi thereto). Hence the aid of the definition of ?on barzel with the property of the wife, to help you denote one to section of their assets provided off to their particular husband’s ownership however, less than their duty, we.elizabeth., subject to his creating to exchange in order to their unique the benefits thereof due to the fact fixed throughout the ketubbah upon dissolution of your own marriage. That it obligations of partner are ruled by laws one to people like otherwise depreciation on the property is their, aside from any change it will get proceed through, or even their loss (Tur and you may Sh. Ar., EH 85:2); additionally, so it obligation stays ongoing even after any movement inside the currency philosophy (because notable in the activity throughout the property value the house) plus the husband remains liable for the sum given about ketubbah since dowry similar in the their value with the day of your matrimony, but subject to calculation thereof according to the local legislation prevailing during its data recovery (Taz EH 66, n. 6; Rema ?M 74:7; Resp. ?atam Sofer EH step 1:126). However, in the event the at the time of their recovery, we.e., upon separation or even the partner’s demise (Sh. Ar., EH and you can Rema EH 93:1), the true property is however available and you can fit for the brand new objective assigned to it during the time of the marriage – usually the situation according out-of real property – the fresh wife are permitted consult the new return thereof from inside the specie, as being “the luster from their own dad’s family” (shevah beit aviha), and you may neither brand new spouse neither their heirs normally force their so you’re able to accept money rather (Sh. Ar., EH 88:3; Beit Shemu?el 88: letter. 4; Taz 88, n. 3).